一、基本術(shù)語
木材防腐：wood preservation 木材防腐劑：wood preservative
木材防腐處理：wood preservative treatment 木材保管：wood protection in storage
原木保管：log protection in storage 鋸材保管：sawntimber protection in storage
木材防火：wood fire prevention 木材敗壞：wood deterioration
生物敗壞：biodeterioration 物理和化學(xué)損害：physical and chemical degradation 真菌：fungus 細菌：bacterium
昆蟲：insect 海生鉆孔動物：marine borer
腐朽：decay/rot 變色：stain
蛀孔：bore hole 天然耐久性：natural durability
天然耐腐性：natural decay resistance 含水率：moisture content
自由水：free moisture /free water 結(jié)合水：bound moisture/bound water
纖維飽和點：fibre saturation point 平衡含水率：equilibrium moisture content
木材吸濕性：hydroscopicity of wood 木材吸水性：water-absorbing capacity of wood
木材透水性：water permeability of wood 細胞壁：cell wall
紋孔：pit 木材密度：density of wood
木材硬度：hardness of wood 木材強度：strength of wood
生材：green wood 濕材：wet timber
氣干材：air-dried timber 裂紋：check
干裂：seasoning check 環(huán)裂：shake
輪裂：ringe shake 弧裂：cup shake
劈裂：split 生長輪：growth ring
年輪：annual ring 早材：early wood
晚材：late wood 邊材：sap wood
心材：heart wood 熟材：ripe wood
針葉樹材：coniferous wood/soft wood 闊葉樹材：broadleaves wood/hard wood
健康材：sound wood 腐朽材：decayed wood/rotted wood
變色材：stained wood 素材：untreated wood
二、木材敗壞
菌害：attack by fungi and bacteria 木材腐朽菌：wood destroying fungi
擔(dān)子菌綱：basidiomycetes 子囊菌綱：ascomycetes
半知菌類：fungi-imperfecti/deuteromyetes 結(jié)合菌類：Zygomycetes
多孔菌目：polyprales/polyporaceae 變色菌：stain fungi
霉菌：mould 菌絲：hyphae
菌絲體：mycelium 子實體：fruit body
孢子：spore 酶：enzyme
藍變blue stain 邊材變色：sap stain
邊材腐朽： sap rot 心材腐朽：heart rot
干基腐朽：butt rot 白腐：white rot
褐腐：brown rot 干腐：dry rot
濕腐：wet rot 軟腐：soft rot
帶線：zone line 蟲害：attack by insects
木材鉆孔蟲：wood-boring insects 蟲孔：insects hole
小蟲眼：shothole/small insect-hole 大蟲眼：grub hole
針孔蟲眼：pin hole 表面蟲眼和蟲溝：surface insect holes and galleries
蛀屑：frass/bore dust 蛸翅目：Coleoptera
天�？疲篊erambycidae 小蠹科：Scolytidae
長小蠹科：Platypodidae 竊蠹科：Anobiidae
長蠹科：Bostrychidae 粉蠹科：Lyctidae
粉蠹甲蟲：powder-post beetles 食菌小蠹：ambrosia beetles
象鼻蟲科：Curculionidae 吉丁蟲科：Buprestidae
等翅目：Isoptera 家白蟻：Coptotermes formosanus
散白蟻：Reticulitermes spp 堆沙白蟻：Cryptotermes spp
膜翅目：Hymenoptera 木蟻：carpenter ant
木蜂：carpenter bee 樹蜂：wood wasp
海生鉆孔動物的危害：attack by Marine borers 軟體鉆孔動物：Molluscan borers
甲殼鉆孔動物：Crustacean borers 船蛆：Teredo navalis
木材耐火性：fire resistance of wood 風(fēng)化：weathering
機械磨損：mechanical wear 化學(xué)損壞（降解）：chemical degradation
三、木材防腐劑
焦油類防腐劑：tar-oil type preservative
木材防腐油：c
|
